Conditions, Lifestyle Factors & Interventions
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When Helping is Risky: Behavioral and Neurobiological Mechanisms of Prosocial Decisions Entailing Risk.
(2020-03)Helping others can entail risks. Doctors that treat infectious patients may risk their own health, intervening in a fight can lead to injury, and organ donations can lead to medical complications. When helping others comes ... -
Cross-species cortical alignment identifies different types of anatomical reorganization in the primate temporal lobe
(2020-03)Evolutionary adaptations of temporo-parietal cortex are considered to be a critical specialization of the human brain. Cortical adaptations, however, can affect different aspects of brain architecture, including local ... -
Examination of the neural basis of psychotic-like experiences in adolescence during processing of emotional faces
(2020-03)Contemporary theories propose that dysregulation of emotional perception is involved in the aetiology of psychosis. 298 healthy adolescents were assessed at age 14- and 19-years using fMRI while performing a facial emotion ... -
Factors associated with the prescribing of high-dose opioids in primary care: a systematic review and meta-analysis
(2020-03)Background The risks of harms from opioids increase substantially at high doses, and high-dose prescribing has increased in primary care. However, little is known about what leads to high-dose prescribing, and studies ... -
Does repeatedly viewing overweight versus underweight images change perception of and satisfaction with own body size?
(2020-04)Body dissatisfaction is associated with subsequent eating disorders and weight gain. One-off exposure to bodies of different sizes changes perception of others' bodies, and perception of and satisfaction with own body size. ... -
Evaluating the Feasibility of Frequent Cognitive Assessment Using the Mezurio Smartphone App: Observational and Interview Study in Adults With Elevated Dementia Risk
(2020-04)Background: By enabling frequent, sensitive, and economic remote assessment, smartphones will facilitate the detection of early cognitive decline at scale. Previous studies have sustained participant engagement with remote ... -
Cognitive therapy for post-traumatic stress disorder following critical illness and intensive care unit admission
(2020-04)Around a quarter of patients treated in intensive care units (ICUs) will develop symptoms of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Given the dramatic increase in ICU admissions during the COVID-19 pandemic, post-ICU PTSD ... -
Methotrexate and relative risk of dementia amongst patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a multi-national multi-database case-control study
(2020-04)Abstract Background: Inflammatory processes have been shown to play a role in dementia. To understand this role, we selected two anti-inflammatory drugs (methotrexate and sulfasalazine) to study their association with ... -
How representative are neuroimaging samples? Large-scale evidence for trait anxiety differences between MRI and behaviour-only research participants.
(2020-04)Over the past three decades, MRI has become a key tool to study how cognitive processes are implemented in the human brain. However, the question of whether participants recruited into MRI studies differ from participants ... -
One thing leads to another: anticipating visual object identity based on associative-memory template
(2020-04)Probabilistic associations between stimuli afford memory templates that guide perception through pro-active anticipatory mechanisms. A great deal of work has examined the behavioural consequences and human electrophysiological ... -
Why sleep matters for young people who may get depressed
(2020-04)Depression and anxiety are negative emotional states familiar to us all through personal experience. Less familiar are severe states of depression, in particular, which can actually shorten the lives of sufferers by over ... -
Building ‘a compassionate armour’: he journey to develop strength and self‐compassion in a group treatment for complex post‐traumatic stress disorder
(2020-04)Objectives. Complex post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with severe difficulties in emotional regulation, interpersonal relationships, and shame. For individuals with these difficulties, exposure-based ... -
Molecular and antibody point-of-care tests to support the screening, diagnosis and monitoring of COVID-19
(2020-04)Moving diagnostic testing for COVID-19 from laboratory settings to the point of care is potentially transformative in the rate and quantity of testing that could be performed. Eleven diagnostic tests that are potentially ... -
A randomised controlled trial of therapist-assisted online psychological therapies for posttraumatic stress disorder (STOP-PTSD): trial protocol
(2020-04)Background: Over the last few decades, effective psychological treatments for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have been developed, but many patients are currently unable to access these treatments. There is initial ... -
Synchronisation of Neural Oscillations and Cross-modal Influences
(2020-04)At any given moment, we receive multiple signals from our different senses. Prior research has shown that signals in one sensory modality can influence neural activity and behavioural performance associated with another ... -
How women with and without eating disorders perceive their own and others’ bodies: a case-control study
(University of Bristol, 2020-03)Background: Body dissatisfaction is a key part of the psychopathology of eating disorders, but there is a lack of consensus as to whether the dissatisfaction arises from misperception of body size, and if such misperception ... -
Prevalence, predictors, and prognosis of symptomatic intracranial stenosis in patients with transient ischaemic attack or minor stroke: a population-based cohort study
(2020-05)Symptomatic intracranial stenosis was perceived to convey a high risk of recurrent stroke, but two previous trials (SAMMPRIS and VISSIT) did not show superiority of intracranial stenosis stenting over intensive medical ... -
Mood Homeostasis, Low Mood, and History of Depression in 2 Large Population Samples
(2020-04)Importance Existing therapeutic options are insufficient to tackle the disease burden of depression, and new treatments are sorely needed. Defining new psychotherapeutic targets is challenging given the paucity of coherent ...
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