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Now showing items 32-51 of 1185
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Advances in the computational understanding of mental illness
(2020-07)Computational psychiatry is a rapidly growing field attempting to translate advances in computational neuroscience and machine learning into improved outcomes for patients suffering from mental illness. It encompasses both ... -
Affective bias as a rational response to the statistics of rewards and punishments
(2017-10)Affective bias, the tendency to differentially prioritise the processing of negative relative to positive events, is commonly observed in clinical and non-clinical populations. However, why such biases develop is not known. ... -
The Africa Ethics Working Group (AEWG): a model of collaboration for psychiatric genomic research in Africa [version 1; peer review: awaiting peer review]
(2021-07)The Africa Ethics Working Group (AEWG) is a South-South-North collaboration of bioethics and mental health researchers from sub-Saharan Africa, working to tackle emerging ethical challenges in global mental health research. ... -
Age-related response speed deficits arise from specific impairments in sensory evidence accumulation rate
(2021-11)Older adults exposed to enriched environments (EE) maintain relatively higher levels of cognitive function, even in the face of compromised markers of brain health. Response speed (RS) is often used as a simple proxy to ... -
Agoraphobic avoidance in patients with psychosis: Severity and response to automated VR therapy in a secondary analysis of a randomised controlled clinical trial
(2022-11)Background: The social withdrawal of many patients with psychosis can be conceptualised as agoraphobic avoidance due to a range of long-standing fears. We hypothesised that greater severity of agoraphobic avoidance is ... -
Aiding staff wellbeing and resilience during the coronavirus pandemic
(2020-09)Wellbeing, knowledge and effective management are vital for healthcare staff, particularly at times of extreme stress, as with the coronavirus pandemic. This article reports on a wellbeing and resilience session, delivered ... -
The alarms should no longer be ignored: A Survey of the Demand, Capacity and Provision of Adult Community Eating Disorder Services in England and Scotland before COVID-19
(2022-12)This national survey compared the demand and capacity of adult community eating disorder services (ACEDS) to NHSE Commissioning guidance. Results: Of 21 services approached in England and Scotland 13 responded (10.7 million ... -
Alcohol consumption is associated with reduced creatine levels in the hippocampus of older adults
(2019-11)Besides its well established susceptibility to ageing, the hippocampus has also been shown to be affected by alcohol consumption. Proton spectroscopy (1H-MRS) of the hippocampus, particularly at high-field 7T MRI, may ... -
Allostatic load as a predictor of grey matter volume and white matter integrity in old age: The Whitehall II MRI study
(2018-04-23)The allostatic load index quantifies the cumulative multisystem physiological response to chronic everyday stress, and includes cardiovascular, metabolic and inflammatory measures. Despite its central role in the stress ... -
Altered network stability in progressive supranuclear palsy
(2021-07)The clinical syndromes of Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP) may be mediated by abnormal temporal dynamics of brain networks, due to the impact of atrophy, synapse loss and neurotransmitter deficits. We tested the ... -
Anticipating PTSD in severe COVID survivors: the case for screen-and-treat
(2022-01)Based on research from previous pandemics, studies of critical care survivors, and emerging COVID19 data, we estimate that up to 30% of survivors of severe COVID will develop PTSD. PTSD is frequently undetected across ... -
Anticipatory Pleasure in Current Psychosis: Cognitive and Emotional Correlates
(2020-12)Anticipation of pleasure – a key aspect of hedonic experience - is a motivating factor for engaging in activities. Low levels of anticipatory pleasure and activity are found in individuals with psychosis. Cognitive factors ... -
Antidepressants might work for people with major depression: where do we go from here? (Comment)
(2018-06)The publication of our updated network meta-analysis about antidepressants for the acute treatment of major depression has generated a wide discussion in newspapers, social media, and scientific journals. Based on 522 ... -
Antidepressants plus benzodiazepines in major depressive disorder: a clinical dilemma with no recent answers from research
(2020-10)Comorbid anxiety symptoms are common in depression, and adding benzodiazepines to antidepressant treatment may seem a rational clinical solution. Benzodiazepines also have potential to reduce the initial anxiety that may ... -
Antimicrobial Peptides SLPI and Beta Defensin-1 in Sputum are Negatively Correlated with FEV1
(2021-05)Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma have heterogeneous inflammation with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) as a mainstay of treatment. There is increased prevalence of non-typeable Haemophilus ... -
Antipsychotic medication versus psychological intervention versus a combination of both in adolescents with first-episode psychosis (MAPS): a multicentre, three-arm, randomised controlled pilot and feasibility study
(2020-07)Background Evidence for the effectiveness of treatments in early-onset psychosis is sparse. Current guidance for the treatment of early-onset psychosis is mostly extrapolated from trials in adult populations. The UK ... -
APOE genotype and cognition in healthy individuals at risk of Alzheimer's disease: A review
(2018-07)APOE-ε4 is best known as a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Consequently, there is considerable research interest in understanding whether APOE-ε4 influences cognition in healthy adults. Despite a substantial ... -
Applying the triple bottom line of sustainability to healthcare research—a feasibility study
(2019-05)The triple bottom line (TBL) of sustainability is an important emerging conceptual framework which considers the combined economic, environmental and social impacts of an activity. Despite its clear relevance to the ... -
Appraisal Biases About Strangers in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
(2019-02)Cognitive theories of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) suggest that negative appraisals play an important role in the development and maintenance of PTSD. It has not yet been examined experimentally how people with ... -
Appraisal of patient-level health economic models of severe mental illness: systematic review
(2021-08)Healthcare decision makers require accurate long-term economic models to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of new mental health interventions. Aims To assess the suitability of current patient-level economic models to ...