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Now showing items 306-325 of 1182
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Does cranberry extract reduce antibiotic use for symptoms of acute uncomplicated urinary tract infections (CUTI)? Protocol for a feasibility study
(2019-12)Consultations in primary care for symptoms of urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common and patients are frequently treated with antibiotics. Given increasing antimicrobial resistance, there has been interest in non-antibiotic ... -
Does raising heart rate prior to a behavioural test enhance learning in cognitive therapy for anxiety? An experimental test for the treatment of fear of heights using virtual reality
(2021-07)A key clinical issue is how to maximise the belief change central to cognitive therapy. Physiological arousal is a key internal cue confirming threat beliefs in anxiety disorders. Deeper extinction of anxiety may occur if ... -
Does repeatedly viewing overweight versus underweight images change perception of and satisfaction with own body size?
(2020-04)Body dissatisfaction is associated with subsequent eating disorders and weight gain. One-off exposure to bodies of different sizes changes perception of others' bodies, and perception of and satisfaction with own body size. ... -
Does the UK medical education provide doctors with sufficient skills and knowledge to manage patients with eating disorders safely?
(2018-06)Background: Eating disorders affect 1%–4% of the population and they are associated with an increased rate of mortality and multimorbidity. Following the avoidable deaths of three people the parliamentary ombudsman called ... -
Dopaminergic modulation of regional cerebral blood flow: An arterial spin labelling study of genetic and pharmacological manipulation of COMT activity
(2021-07)Dopamine has direct and complex vasoactive effects on cerebral circulation. Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) regulates cortical dopamine, and its activity can be influenced both genetically and pharmacologically. COMT ... -
A dose-effect network meta-analysis model: an application in antidepressants
(2021-04)Network meta-analysis (NMA) has been used to answer a range of clinical questions about the preferable intervention for a given condition. Although the effectiveness and safety of pharmacological agents depend on the dose ... -
Dose–effect meta-analysis for psychopharmacological interventions using randomised data
(2022-01)Objective The current practice in meta-analysis of the effects of psychopharmacological interventions ignors the administered dose or restricts the analysis in a dose range. This may introduce unnecessary uncertainty and ... -
A dose–effect network meta-analysis model with application in antidepressants using restricted cubic splines
(2022-02)Network meta-analysis has been used to answer a range of clinical questions about the preferred intervention for a given condition. Although the effectiveness and safety of pharmacological agents depend on the dose ... -
Dual-Task Effect on Gait in Healthy Adolescents: Association between Health-Related Indicators and DT Performance
(2020-11)The purpose of this study was to determine how dual-task (DT) effect on gait differs among adolescents with different fitness and health profiles. The gait performances of 365 adolescents aged 13–14 years were assessed at ... -
Dual-task walking and automaticity after Stroke: Insights from a secondary analysis and imaging sub-study of a randomised controlled trial
(2021-04)Abstract Objective: To test the extent to which initial walking speed influences dual-task performance after walking intervention, hypothesising that slow walking speed affects automatic gait control, limiting executive ... -
Dynamic sustained attention markers differentiate atypical development: The case of Williams syndrome and Down's syndrome
(2019-07)Impaired sustained attention is considered an important factor in determining poor functional outcomes across multiple cognitive and behavioural disorders. Sustained attention is compromised for both children with ... -
The early impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on patients with severe mental illness: An interrupted time-series study in South-East England
(2022-04)Abstract Background. Deterioration in general population mental health since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic has been reported, but the impact of the pandemic on people with severe mental illness (SMI) has received ... -
The Early Youth Engagement in first episode psychosis (EYE-2) study: pragmatic cluster randomised controlled trial of implementation, effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a team-based motivational engagement intervention to improve engagement
(2021-04)Background Early Intervention in Psychosis (EIP) services improve health outcomes for young people with psychosis in the medium–long term, but 25% of young people disengage in the first 12 months with costs to their mental ... -
Early- and subsequent- response of cognitive functioning in Alzheimer's disease: Individual-participant data from five pivotal randomized clinical trials of donepezil
(2022-02)The association between early improvement and subsequent change in cognition is unexamined in antidementia clinical trials. We aimed to examine the consequences of early-response to antidementia medication in Alzheimer's ... -
EATING DISORDERS: AGE OF ONSET AND ITS ASSOCIATED GENETIC RISK FACTORS
(2022-09)The age at which an eating disorder begins to develop has important implications for the design of services and the targeting of clinical interventions. Eating disorders have a heritability of 16-83% and a median age ... -
Editorial Independence is Dead, Long Live Editorial IndependencePrinciples, Compliance, and Recommendations
(2023-06)Editorial Independence is an essential principle in scientific publishing, protecting the content from undue influence beyond the scientific data. This involves assurances around research integrity, publications ethics, ... -
The effect of a genetic variant at the schizophrenia associated AS3MT/BORCS7 locus on striatal dopamine function: A PET imaging study
(2019)One of the most statistically significant loci to result from large-scale GWAS of schizophrenia is 10q24.32. However, it is still unclear how this locus is involved in the pathoaetiology of schizophrenia. The hypothesis ... -
The effect of a one-year vigorous physical activity intervention on fitness, cognitive performance and mental health in young adolescents: the Fit to Study cluster randomised controlled trial
(2021-03)Background Physical activity (PA) may positively stimulate the brain, cognition and mental health during adolescence, a period of dynamic neurobiological development. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) or vigorous ... -
The effect of a youth mental health service model on access to secondary mental healthcare for young people aged 14–25 years
(2018-09)Aims and method The Norfolk Youth Service was created in 2012 in response to calls to redesign mental health services to better meet the needs of young people. The new service model transcends traditional boundaries by ... -
Effect of acute citalopram on self-referential emotional processing and social cognition in healthy volunteers
(2020-10)Background Depression is characterised by negative views of the self. Antidepressant treatment may remediate negative self-schema through increasing processing of positive information about the self. Changes in affective ...