Conditions: Recent submissions
Now showing items 381-400 of 698
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Affective bias as a rational response to the statistics of rewards and punishments
(2017-10)Affective bias, the tendency to differentially prioritise the processing of negative relative to positive events, is commonly observed in clinical and non-clinical populations. However, why such biases develop is not known. ... -
Symptom trajectories in discontinuation trials.
(2017-02)Many patients with clinical depression, particularly those with recurrent illness, are treated with maintenance antidepressants after an acute-phase response. But how effective is this approach? The effectiveness of ... -
Using Computational Psychiatry to Rule Out the Hidden Causes of Depression
(2017-08)In an ideal world, our understanding of the causes of psychiatric disorders would progress by testing mechanistic hypotheses in experimental studies, using the results of these studies to identify situations in which the ... -
Effect of Prefrontal Cortex Stimulation on Regulation of Amygdala Response to Threat in Individuals With Trait Anxiety A Randomized Clinical Trial
(2019-01)Importance Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) is under clinical investigation as a treatment for major depressive disorder. However, the mechanisms of action are ... -
Predicting Treatment Response to Antidepressant Medication Using Early Changes in Emotional Processing.
(2019-01)Antidepressants must be taken for weeks before response can be assessed with many patients not responding to the first medication prescribed. This often results in long delays before effective treatment is started. ... -
Self-harm on roads: Register-based study of methods and characteristics of individuals involved
(2020-12)Background Suicide on roads is receiving increased attention. However, there has been little research on non-fatal road-related self-harm. This study was conducted in order to investigate the characteristics of such ... -
Cognitive appraisals of dissociation in psychosis: a new brief measure
(2020-12)Background: Catastrophic cognitive appraisals, similar to those in anxiety disorders, are implicated in depersonalisation, a form of dissociation. No scales exist to measure appraisals of dissociative experiences. ... -
Anticipatory Pleasure in Current Psychosis: Cognitive and Emotional Correlates
(2020-12)Anticipation of pleasure – a key aspect of hedonic experience - is a motivating factor for engaging in activities. Low levels of anticipatory pleasure and activity are found in individuals with psychosis. Cognitive factors ... -
Are benzodiazepines effective in treating catatonia?
(2020-12)Establishing an evidence base for the clinical management of catatonia is made difficult by the heterogeneous nature of the condition and the limited understanding of its pathophysiology. Benzodiazepines are a mainstay of ... -
Risk, demand and capacity in adult specialist eating disorder services in the South of England – before and since Covid-19
(2020-12)Aims and Method: This is a longitudinal cohort study describing the demand and capacity for specialist inpatient treatment of patients with severe eating disorders covering a population of 3.5 million. We compared the ... -
Do parent factors predict early weight gain in family therapy for anorexia nervosa? Revisiting variables in a community treatment sample
(2020-12)Objective: It is unclear why some children and adolescents respond well to family therapy for anorexia nervosa (AN) and others do not. Previous exploratory studies have suggested that parent variables may be important ... -
Phase 1/2 trial of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 with a booster dose induces multifunctional antibody responses
(2020-12)More than 190 vaccines are currently in development to prevent infection by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Animal studies suggest that while neutralizing antibodies against the viral spike protein ... -
Glucocorticoid ultradian rhythmicity differentially regulates mood and resting state networks in the human brain: A randomised controlled clinical trial
(2021-02)Adrenal glucocorticoid secretion into the systematic circulation is characterised by a complex rhythm, composed of the diurnal variation, formed by changes in pulse amplitude of an underlying ultradian rhythm of short ... -
The role of pontine lesion location in differentiating multiple sclerosis from vascular risk factor-related small vessel disease
(2020-08)Background: Differentiating multiple sclerosis (MS) from vascular risk factor (VRF)-small vessel disease (SVD) can be challenging. Objective and Methods: In order to determine whether or not pontine lesion location ... -
The different influence of high levels of physical activity on the incidence of knee OA in overweight and obese men and women-a gender specific analysis
(2019-10)Objective To investigate the influence of physical activity on incidence of knee osteoarthritis (OA) in overweight and obese men and women. Design Data were extracted from the Osteoarthritis Initiative cohort on 1,667 ... -
Functional organisation for verb generation in children with developmental language disorder
(2020-12)Developmental language disorder (DLD) is characterised by difficulties in learning one's native language for no apparent reason. These language difficulties occur in 7% of children and are known to limit future academic ... -
Behavioural Experiments in Cognitive Therapy for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Why, When, and How?
(2020-11)Behavioural experiments are an integral component of cognitive therapy (CT) for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), but they can be overlooked due to practical constraints and therapist concerns. Here we describe why ... -
Bidirectional associations between COVID-19 and psychiatric disorder: retrospective cohort studies of 62 354 COVID-19 cases in the USA
(2020)Background Adverse mental health consequences of COVID-19, including anxiety and depression, have been widely predicted but not yet accurately measured. There are a range of physical health risk factors for COVID-19, but ... -
Treating sleep problems in young people at ultra-high-risk of psychosis: study protocol for a single-blind parallel group randomised controlled feasibility trial (SleepWell).
(2020-11)Background Effective interventions, targeting key contributory causal factors, are needed to prevent the emergence of severe mental health problems in young people. Insomnia is a common clinical issue that is problematic ... -
369 A systematic review to identify and assess the mental health sequalae amongst women with endometriosis with or without chronic pelvic pain (THE ELEMI PROJECT)
(2020-12)Introduction/Background: Endometriosis is a complex, chronic gynaecological condition impacting approximately 176 million women globally. It is associated with symptoms such as chronic pelvic pain (CPP), dysmenorrhoea, ...